British-American director, screenwriter, and producer who first received acclaim for his 2000 indie suspense thriller Memento. He then shifted from art-house films to blockbusters with the box office hits The Dark Knight, Inception and Interstellar. He personally funded his directorial debut, Following, and used his friends as actors. With a minuscule budget, he was forced to rehearse with his actors extensively in order to preserve film stock for the entire feature.