Science fiction author whose best-known works include Stranger in a Strange Land, Starship Troopers, and The Moon is a Harsh Mistress. He received seven Hugo Awards for his work and was named the first Science Fiction Writers Grand Master in 1974. He served in the U.S. Navy and also campaigned unsuccessfully for a seat in the California State Assembly before beginning his writing career. He published his first science fiction story, Life- Line, in 1939.