After serving from 2009 until 2014 as South African Minister of Finance, this high-ranking African National Congress (ANC) party member took office as his country's Minister of Cooperative Governance and Traditional Affairs. Earlier in his career, he had served as Commissioner of the South African Revenue Service. After studying at the University of Durban-Westville, he served during the early 1990s as Chairman of the Convention for a Democratic South Africa.